Mental Health, Stress, Insomnia, Inflammation
and Illness
Most of us experience stress at some point in our lives, however, long term, or chronic, stress, is an increasing problem in the Western world. A recent UK survey found that 74% of adults (81% of women, and 67% of men) said that in the past year, they had been overwhelmed or unable to cope due to stress (1). In 2016/17 12.5 million working days were lost due to work-related stress, depression or anxiety in the UK alone (2).
Stress and physical health
Stress is the common risk factor in 75-90% of diseases (3) and there is a well established link between stress and anxiety, insomnia and mental illness and also Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s.
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Long term or repeated bouts of stress have an impact on the immune system, raising the risk of infection. Stress can also lead an increased risk of diabetes due the change in insulin uptake, high blood pressure and heart disease due to plaque build-up in the arteries, the development of cancer, IBS and other digestive disorders due to alteration of acid levels in the stomach (4). Stress can also reduce the likelihood of conceiving when trying to get pregnant- possibly by as much as 30% (5). Research is beginning to show that inflammation may contribute to many diseases. Stress causes inflammation (6).
Counselling, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Mindfulness, and a combination of the three are considered effective in helping manage stress, anxiety, depression, panic and insomnia, addressing difficult thoughts and feelings, learning to relax and manage our responses in a more helpful way. Visit my mindfulness and counselling pages for more information and also to read some of the recent research.
Complementary / Holistic therapies such as Aromatherapy, Massage and Reflexology, can be useful in the management of stress, anxiety, depression, panic and insomnia. This has historically been seen as a rather minor achievement when comparing holistic therapies to Medical healthcare. However, in the light of recent findings regarding the link between stress, mental health, inflammation and disease, Complementary Therapies are finally being given greater respect, with more research being done in this area. Visit my reflexology and massage pages for more information and to read the latest research.
Crisis Sessions
I understand that circumstances- whether built-up or sudden - can provoke strong physical and psychological responses leading to sudden anxiety and overwhelm. This can be frightening and destabilizing. This is why I offer 1.5/2 hr ‘crisis’ sessions - starting with a longer consultation in which you can express your current experiences and in which together we can decide on the best approach for your session- which may include some guided mindfulness together with aromatherapy, reflexology, massage - according to your needs and preferences on the day. These sessions aim to understand and dull the fight or flight response, reactivate the parasympathetic nervous system, helping to soothe, calm and ground. The aim is also to give you tools to use at home - including a recording of any guided mindfulness exercises used during the session, which can be listened to whenever you choose. This can help daily relaxation practice, and also potentially used at night if sleep is an issue. Because sometimes it can really help to simply remember how it feels to be relaxed.
These sessions can either be one-offs or a series – depending on your needs.
A kind note: Crisis sessions are intended for people experiencing an emotional shock/crisis/anxiety spike/overwhelm. these are not full, or in-depth counselling sessions and are not intended as an alternative where emergency medical or mental health intervention or support is needed.
My Research
Whilst studying for my degree in Complementary Healthcare, I conducted my graduate placement at a residential emergency mental health support facility, working with clients experiencing a range of severe mental health issues, using Massage, Reflexology and Aromatherapy to help reduce stress and anxiety. My research project was a pilot study using aromatherapy massage to treat long term primary insomnia.
Mental Health
1 in 4 people in the UK will experience some form of mental health issue this year. If you are one of those people, it is important to get help with your first step being your GP. Opening up to close family or friends is also recommended. The mental health charity - MIND are a good resource https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/
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Further Reading:
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(2)https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00316/full
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(3) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341916/
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(4) https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-study-indicates-stress-may-delay-women-getting-pregnant
https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/29/5/1067/2913997
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(5) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00316/full
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(6) http://www.ifaroma.org/files/9114/3930/0258/Massage_World_Article_-_Stress_and_Aromatherapy.pdf
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(7) http://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/stress/
Further reading and research
This is just a selection of research in these fields – however, please bear in mind that researching complementary therapies is chronically underfunded and it is notoriously difficult to research many therapies at the level required by double blind trials, due to the hands on nature of therapies- placebos are sometimes impossible. For this reason, many of the studies listed here would not necessarily be considered to constitute evidence of effectiveness of the treatment involved.
ALZHEIMER’S/DEMENTIA
Aromatherapy, massage and Dementia
https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/treatments/alternative-therapies/aromatherapy-massage
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Massage and touch for Dementia
http://cochranelibrary-wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004989.pub2/abstract
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ANXIETY; STRESS; DISTRESS; LOW MOOD
1 in 4 people in the UK will experience some form of mental health issue this year. If you are one of those people, it is important to get help - the first step is your GP. Opening up to close family or friends is also recommended. The mental health charity MIND are a good resource https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/
Aromatherapy
Stress and Aromatherapy:
http://www.ifaroma.org/files/9114/3930/0258/Massage_World_Article_-_Stress_and_Aromatherapy.pdf
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Autonomic system responses to odours:
https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/27/8/703/387697
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Clinical aromatherapy for emotional distress
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18935936
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Actions of essential oils on the central nervous system
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ffj.2045
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Aromatherapy Facts and Fictions: A Scientific Analysis of Olfactory Effects on Mood, Physiology and Behavior.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19125379
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Ambient odor of orange and lavender reduce anxiety and improve mood in a dental office. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16095639
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Modulation of cognitive performance and mood by aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylang. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16095639
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Reduction of Mental Stress with Lavender Odorant.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11806592
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Complementary and alternative treatments for late-life depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance: a review of randomized controlled trials.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17960959
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The Use of Massage Therapy for Reducing Pain, Anxiety, and Depression in Oncological Palliative Care Patients: A Narrative Review of the Literature
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3168862/
Massage
Complementary and alternative medicine for sleep disturbances in older adults. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18035236
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Physiological responses to touch massage in healthy volunteers. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/20638912
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Newborns of depressed mothers who received moderate versus light pressure massage during pregnancy
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163638305000755
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Massage therapy effects on depressed pregnant women https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01674820412331282231
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Effects of Aroma Inhalation Therapy on Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and the Autonomic Nervous System in High-risk Pregnant Women
https://kjwhn.org/search.php?where=aview&id=10.4069/kjwhn.2017.23.1.33&code=2102KJWHN&vmode=REF
CANCER PATIENTS
http://www.velindrecc.wales.nhs.uk/complementary-therapies
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Aromatherapy
Effects of Aromatherapy on Depression, Anxiety and the Autonomic Nervous System in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Radiotherapy.
https://kjwhn.org/search.php?where=aview&id=10.4069/kjwhn.2017.23.1.33&code=2102KJWHN&vmode=REF
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Massage
The Use of Massage Therapy for Reducing Pain, Anxiety, and Depression in Oncological Palliative Care Patients: A Narrative Review of the Literature.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3168862/
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Reflexology
Cancer treatment and complementary and alternative therapies.
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Use of reflexology in managing oedema.
http://www.tenovus.org.uk/research/innovation-grants-2012/use-of-reflexology-in-managing-lymphoedema
http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sitesplus/991/news/33017
COGNITIVE FUNCTION; ATTENTION; MEMORY
Aromatherapy
The influence of essential oils on human attention 1: Alertness. https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/26/3/239/295115
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Cognitive Facilitation Following Intentional Odor Exposure. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c10f/4a25116c264ffb87b3b08374bb5987ee6ec2.pdf
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EMOTIONAL RESPONSE TO AROMA MEMORY
Aromatherapy
Emotion experienced during encoding enhances odor retrieval cue effectiveness. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.468.5852&rep=rep1&type=pdf
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Unconcious odour conditioning in human subjects.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6640017
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INSOMNIA
Aromatherapy
The Influence of Odorants on Respiratory Patterns in Sleep. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19917590
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Clinical implications of the causal relationship between insomnia and depression: how individually tailored treatment of sleeping difficulties could prevent the onset of depression. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3405397/
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Unconscious odour conditioning in human subjects
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0301051183900200
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The sleep-enhancing effect of valerian inhalation and sleep-shortening effect of lemon inhalation.
https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/31/8/731/363897
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Non-pharmacologic treatment of chronic insomnia.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10617176
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Complementary and alternative treatments for late-life depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17960959
MRSA
Aromatherapy
The effect of essential oils on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using a dressing model.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15555788
PAIN
Aromatherapy
The Effectiveness of Aromatherapy in Reducing Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192342/
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Effects of odor on pain perception: Deciphering the roles of emotion and attention. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14581116
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Massage
The Use of Massage Therapy for Reducing Pain, Anxiety, and Depression in Oncological Palliative Care Patients: A Narrative Review of the Literature
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3168862/
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PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH, NEW MOTHERS
Massage
Pregnancy and labor massage
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2870995/
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Complementary therapies for labour and birth study: a randomised controlled trial of antenatal integrative medicine for pain management in labour
http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/6/7/e010691
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Read to find out how to do perineal massage during pregnancy and for information on the benefits of massaging the perineum before childbirth.
https://www.nct.org.uk/pregnancy/perineal-massage
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Newborns of depressed mothers who received moderate versus light pressure massage during pregnancy
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163638305000755
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Massage therapy effects on depressed pregnant women https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01674820412331282231
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Effects of Aroma Inhalation Therapy on Stress, Anxiety, Depression, and the Autonomic Nervous System in High-risk Pregnant Women
https://kjwhn.org/search.php?where=aview&id=10.4069/kjwhn.2017.23.1.33&code=2102KJWHN&vmode=REF